What is the term for the spread of cancer cells beyond their original site?

The term that refers to the spread of cancer cells beyond their original site is metastasis. This process involves cancer cells breaking away from the primary tumor, traveling through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and establishing new tumors in other organs or tissues. Metastasis is a key characteristic of malignant tumors and plays a significant role in the progression of cancer, making it a critical area of study in oncology.

In contrast, apoptosis refers to the programmed cell death that occurs in a controlled manner to eliminate damaged or unneeded cells, which is a fundamental process for maintaining healthy tissues. Necrosis, on the other hand, is an uncontrolled form of cell death that results from injury or disease, leading to tissue damage and inflammation. Carbohydrates are organic compounds that serve various roles in biological systems, primarily as energy sources and structural components, and are unrelated to cancer cell behavior. Therefore, the focus on metastasis underscores its importance in understanding how cancer can become more aggressive and impact treatment strategies.